![]() ![]() A typical test blueprint is presented in a two-way matrix with the content areas listed in the table rows and the cognitive processes in the table columns. It is critical that your test blueprint and test items include a substantial proportion of items targeted above the Knowledge-level of cognition. Most test blueprints also indicate the levels of cognitive processing that the examinees will be expected to use in responding to specific items (e.g., Knowledge, Application). These proportions reflect the relative importance of each content area to competency in the occupation. In addition to the listing of content areas, the test blueprint specifies the number or proportion of items that are planned to be included on each test form for each content area. ![]() These content areas comprise the knowledge, skills, and abilities that have been determined to be the essential elements of competency for the job or occupation being assessed. The content areas listed in the test blueprint, or table of specifications, are frequently drawn directly from the results of a job analysis. And, if the test will include any items or tasks that will need to be scored by human raters, the test description may also include plans for the scoring procedures and scoring rubrics. In some cases the test description may also specify a test administration mode (e.g., paper-and-pencil, performance-based, computer-based). More often, the test description will usually also include elements such as the overall test length, the test administration time limit, and the item types that are expected to be used (e.g., multiple choice, essay). At a minimum, the test description may simply indicate who will be tested and what the purpose of the exam program is. This information is then used to focus and guide the remaining steps in the test development process. The test description component of an exam program's test specifications is a written document that provides essential background information about the planned exam program. It also includes the number of items each test form should include within each of these content and cognitive areas. ![]() The test blueprint, sometimes also called the table of specifications, provides a listing of the major content areas and cognitive levels intended to be included on each test form. The test description specifies aspects of the planned test such as the test purpose, the target examinee population, the overall test length, and more. Test specifications usually include a test description component and a test blueprint component. Download this information in PDF format IntroductionĪfter the overall content of the test has been established through a job analysis, the next step in test development is to create the detailed test specifications. ![]()
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